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Locomotion No. 1
File:Locomotion No. 1..jpg
Locomotion at Darlington Railway Centre and Museum
Type and origin
Power type Steam
Builder Robert Stephenson and Company
Build date 1825
Specifications
Configuration 0-4-0
Driver diameter 48 in (1.22 m)
Locomotive weight 6.5 long tons (6.6 t)
Fuel type Coke[1]
Fuel capacity 2,200 lb or 1.0 t
Water capacity Template:Convert/LoffAonDorSoffImp
Boiler pressure 50 psi (0.34 MPa)[2]
Heating surface:
– Total
60 sq ft (5.57 m²)
Cylinders 2
Cylinder size 9.5 in × 24 in (240 mm × 610 mm)

Locomotion No. 1 (originally named Active) is an early British steam locomotive built for the Stockton and Darlington Railway. Built by George and Robert Stephenson's company Robert Stephenson and Company in 1825. It was the first one to run on a passenger carrying line.

Design[]

Stephenson-No

The No. 1 engine, called Locomotion, for the Stockton & Darlington Railway

Locomotion used all the improvements that Stephenson had pioneered in the Killingworth locomotives. It used high-pressure steam from a centre-flue boiler, with a steam-blast in the chimney, to drive two vertical cylinders, enclosed within the boiler. A pair of yokes above them transmitted the power downwards, through pairs of connecting rods. It made use of a loose eccentric valve gear,[3] and was one of the first locomotives to use coupling rods rather than chains or gears to link its 0-4-0 driving wheels together.

The locomotive is historically important as the first one to run on a passenger carrying line,[4] rather than for the innovations in its design. It hauled the first train on the Stockton and Darlington Railway on 27 September 1825.

In 1828 the boiler exploded, killing the driver. With advances in design such as those incorporated into Stephenson's Rocket, Locomotion became obsolete very quickly. It was rebuilt and remained in service until 1841 when it was turned into a stationary engine.

Preservation[]

Locomotion at Darlington station, 1892

Newly on display in Darlington, from a holiday sketchbook of 1892

In 1857 it was preserved. Locomotion No. 1 was on display in Alfred Kitching's workshop near Hopetown Carriage Works from 1857 to the 1880s. From 1892 to 1975 it was on display along with Derwent on one of the platforms at Darlington's main station, Bank Top. The locomotive is now on display at the Darlington Railway Centre and Museum, located in the same building as Darlington's North Road station, on long-term loan from the National Railway Museum. It is now part of the National Collection.

There is a working replica of the locomotive at Beamish Museum.[5]

See also[]

  • Locomotive No. 1 The first locomotive in New South Wales.

References[]

  1. Ross, David (2004). British steam railways. Parragon, 15. 
  2. Casserley, H.C. (1960). Historic locomotive pocket book. Batsford, 7. 
  3. Science Museum (1958). The British railway locomotive 1803-1850. Science Museum, 11. 
  4. Casserley, H.C. (1976). Preserved locomotives, 4th, Ian Allan, 16. ISBN 071100725X. 
  5. Satow, F.; Satow, M.G.; Wilson, L.S. (1976). Locomotion — concept to creation: the story of the reproduction 1973-1975. Beamish: Locomotion Trust. 

External links[]

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Coordinates: 54°32′10″N 1°33′18″W / 54.536°N 1.555°W / 54.536; -1.555

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